The laboratory is a state-of-the-art facility dedicated to the in-depth characterization of biological samples and innovative artificial materials. Operating at the intersection of biophysics and materials science, the facility offers a multimodal and non-invasive analytical approach.

1. The Non-Linear Optical Platform

The core of the bio-imaging setup is a multiphoton microscope that simultaneously integrates three advanced optical techniques, optimized for live-cell investigation:

• TPEF (Two-Photon Excitation Fluorescence): Ensures high tissue penetration depth while reducing phototoxicity. It is ideal for obtaining deep three-dimensional reconstructions of complex biological samples.
• SHG (Second Harmonic Generation): Enables the visualization of specific highly ordered molecular structures (such as collagen fibers) without the use of any extrinsic fluorescent marker (label-free).
• CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering): Leverages the intrinsic chemical vibrations of molecules to map specific components, such as lipids, with high contrast, tracking compounds within the cell. Thanks to integrated incubation systems, the microscope allows for prolonged time-lapse dynamic studies to monitor physiological processes over time.

2. Topographical and Nanomechanical Investigation (BioAFM)

Parallel to the optical analysis, the atomic force microscope for biological application (BioAFM) extends the investigation to physical morphology. In addition to providing topographical maps with nanometric resolution, the instrument uses Force Spectroscopy to perform nano- or micro-indentations on the sample surface. This allows for the measurement of local mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus (elasticity and stiffness), operating directly in a liquid and physiological environment. Being able to test a cell, tissue, spheroid, or biomaterial in its own culture medium, it is essential for evaluating its true biomechanical state.

3. Synergistic Application Areas

The combination of chemical-morphological imaging and nanomechanical investigation provides crucial tools for:

• Nanomedicine and Pharmaceuticals: Monitoring drug release at the sub-cellular level and validating treatment efficacy.

Regenerative Medicine and Materials Science: Studying the interaction between cells and novel biomimetic scaffolds, understanding how the topography and stiffness of materials guide tissue development.