INRiM is organised into two sections: scientific (Research & Knowledge Transfer) and technical-administrative (Management & Service).

The structural model of organisation and operation is divided into the following:

• General Directorate for administrative management, organisation of human resources and management of technical services, except for what is the responsibility of the Scientific Directorate; the General Directorate operates under the direct responsibility of the General Director;
• Scientific Directorate for coordination, planning and performance of the technical-scientific activities carried out in the Divisions; the Scientific Director heads the Scientific Directorate;
• Divisions for carrying out technical-scientific programmes; each Division is coordinated by a Head responsible for the activities.